The Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression in Pakistan

Abstract

A worldwide recognized fundamental human right, freedom of speech and expression is upheld by democratic constitutions wherever. This right is protected under Article 19 of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, granting all citizens the freedom to voice their thoughts, feelings, and opinions. However, there are several obstacles and limitations that prevent this right from being entirely utilized. The legal, social, and political aspects of freedom of speech and expression in Pakistan are examined in this article. It analyzes the restrictions imposed by laws and state institutions, critically evaluates the constitutional provisions, and underlines the value of this freedom in the growth of democracy. The study additionally demonstrates how regular residents, journalists, and activists often encounter harassment, censorship, or even legal action for voicing opinions deemed controversial or critical of influential institutions. Particularly on digital platforms, laws like the Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) have made matters complicated. A healthy society and political accountability depend on free speech, but it must be used wisely to prevent hate speech, defamation, and incitement to violence.  This article seeks to present a fair assessment of Pakistan's right to free speech, considering seriously both its importance and the current limitations on it. It ends with suggestions for building a society that is more democratic, tolerant, and open so that everybody are allowed to speak up without fear.